Abstract

Abstract The current paper recovers a variety of highly dispersive optical solitons with non–local form of self–phase modulation structure and having polarization–mode dispersion. Two integration approaches have made this retrieval successful. The soliton solutions are enlisted and presented with the parameter constraints that ensures their existence. A shortcoming of these approaches is that neither one revealed dark soliton solution to the model. This limitation suggests the need to explore additional approaches to obtain dark soliton solutions. This is one of several future avenues of research for the model in this work.